The application of starlight refraction navigation to spacecraft and space weapons is a significant development direction. Observing enough refracted stars for the star sensor in a strong limb background is an urgent problem. The all-day optical system parameters are analyzed based on the star detection requirement and navigation accuracy. Combined with primary aberration theory, the prime-focus catadioptric optical system is selected to meet the design requirements of a wide field of view (FOV) and tight structure. An H-band (1.52 μm–1.78 μm) star sensor is designed with an FOV of 6°, a focal length of 831 mm, an effective aperture of 253 mm, and a relative distortion of 0.03%. The energy concentration of the star point is 85% within 30 μm, and the maximum lateral chromatic aberration is 2.9 μm, which meets the imaging requirements. Furthermore, a baffle is designed to avoid the influence of direct sunlight on stellar imaging. The proposed method can provide a theoretical foundation and technical support for the optical design of the refraction star navigation.

火星环绕器绕火飞行，轨道是大椭圆轨道。高分相机是火星环绕器的有效载荷之一，在其轨道上对火拍摄，其成像质量除与自身参数相关外，还与姿轨控制误差有很大关系。为了实现对火星的高分辨率拍摄，本文对姿轨控制误差与相机成像质量的关系进行了研究。首先，分析了火星环绕器姿轨控制对高分相机像移的影响模型；然后，利用平行光管、动态目标模拟器搭建试验验证平台，通过地面测试设备仿真环绕器平台参数。设置动态目标模拟器产生速度随姿轨参数变化的动态目标，为相机提供拍摄目标。相机实时进行像移计算，并拍摄成像。试验结果表明，当测轨精度不大于1 km时，测速精度不大于1 m/s时，能保证相机动态MTF值下降不超过10%。采用高精度的姿轨控制可保证高分相机在轨成像质量的要求。

A diode-pumped alkali vapor laser (DPAL) is one of the most promising candidates of the next-generation high-powered laser source. As the saturated number density of alkali vapor is highly dependent on the temperature inside a vapor cell, the temperature distribution in the cross-section of a cell will greatly affect the homogeneity of a laser medium and the output characteristics of a DPAL. In this paper, we developed an algorithm based on the regime concluding quasi-Hilbert transform to evaluate the phase aberration of a wavefront when the probe beam passes through the vapor cell placed in one arm of a Mach–Zehnder interference setup. According to the theoretical algorithm, we deduced the temperature distribution of a cesium vapor cell for different heating conditions. The study is thought to be useful for development of a high-powered laser.

A diode-pumped alkali laser (DPAL) provides the significant promise for high-powered performances. In this paper, a mathematical model is introduced for examination of the kinetic processes of a diode-pumped cesium vapor hollow-core photonic-crystal fiber (HC-PCF) laser, in which the cesium vapor is filled in the center hole of a photonic-bandgap fiber instead of a glass cell. The influence of deleterious processes including energy pooling, photo-ionization, and Penningionization on the physical features of a fiber DPAL is studied in this report. It has been theoretically demonstrated that the deleterious processes cannot be ignored in a high-powered fiber-DPAL system.